
National Monument (Monas)
Sukarno's 132-metre obelisk in the middle of Merdeka Square, begun in 1961 and finished in 1975, is topped by a bronze flame plated with 50 kilograms of gold and stands in a park of a square kilometre that the Dutch laid out as their parade ground; underneath are a museum of the independence struggle in 51 dioramas and the Hall of Independence with the original proclamation, and a single lift takes about fifty people at a time to the observation deck at 115 metres, from which the city's towers, the mosque and the harbour haze are laid out. The queue for the lift builds by mid-morning, so arrive at 8:00; tickets are bought at the counter, and the whole site closes on Mondays.














